Dental burner



May 5, 1925.

E. E. DALTON DENTAL BURNER-' F1133 FeE. 23. 1923 Patented May 5, 1925.

UNITEDSTATES ERNEST E. DALTON OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

DENTAL BURNER.

Application filed February 23, 1923.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ERNEST E. DALToN, acitizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cookand State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and usefulIn'iprovement in Dental Burners, of which the following is a full,clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

The present invention relates to burners, and more specifically to adesign of burner having particular utility in dental laboratories forperforming certain dental operations. p

(hie of the princi al objects of the invention is to provide a burnerwhich will elin1inatethc was from dentalcasting cases with moreuniformity, thoroughness andexpediency. The preferred embodiment ofburner by which. I accomplish this object comprises a. circular burnertube having a plurality of inwardly opening burner jets arranged aroiuidits inner circumference for project ing flames radially inward againstthe circular sides of the casting ring. This distributes the heatuniformly around the sides of the casting ring wherethe heat should beapplied, and results in an even, thorough drying of the investment andelin'iination of the wax.

A. further object of the invention is to provide an adjustable supportfor the casting case, whereby the case can be raised or lowered to causeimpingement of the radial jets of flame at any pointalong the castingcase, or for accommodating casting cases of different sizes.

A further object is to provide an adjustable support for the burnerwhich can be raised above the plane of the burner ring, whereby thedevice may be employed for heating cases for soldering.

A further object is to provide a device which, in addition to performingthe above heating operation, will have all the other uses and utilitiesofthe old style Bunsen burner. v

In the accompanying drawing illustrating a preferred embodiment Figure 1is a perspective view of the burner unit, showing the mode of eliminating wax from casting cases;

Fig. 2 is an end elevational view of the burner unit;

1* 5 is a horizontal sectional view taken Serial No. 620,801.

approximately on the plane of the line 8-3 F of Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 is afragmentaryend elevation of a modified embodiment.

The device is assembled'upon a base plate 1. Two tubular standards 3 andl rise from this base plate, preferably having reduced extensions attheir lower ends which are riveted or expanded in holes in the baseplate. A valve housing 5 is cast integral with the lower ends of thestandards 3 and 4 and is provided with a gas inlet in the form of anipple tube 6 for receiving the end of the gas hose.

Extending upwardly from the upper end of the standard 3' is a burnertube 8 of wrougl'it tubing. The upper end of the tube 8 is bent into ahorizontal circular loop 8 having a plurality of radial jets or ports 9around its inner circumference. The end of the tube is closed at 11 bypressing the walls thereof together, or soldering or plugging the end ofthe tube in any other preferred manner. 'lheadjustable support forcarrying the casting case or other article being heated, comprises ablock 12 slidably mounted on the vertical portion of the tube 8 andcarrying a rod 13, which is rigidly anchored in the block 12. The upperend of therod 13 is bent into a horizontal circular loop 13, similarlyto the tube 8, but the loop 13 is of smallerdiameter than the loop 8, sothat it can be passed up and down through the burner ring by sliding theblock 12 up or down along the vertical portion-of the tube 8. A thumbscrew 14 screws into the back of the sliding block 12, and affords aclamping meansfor clamping the block to the tube 8 withthe supportingring 13 at any desiredheight relative to; the burner ring 8'.

Risingfrom the other standard is a typical Bunsen burner tube 15.Each'standard 3 and 4 is provided with a plurality of air ports 16around its polygonal sides for ad,- mitting air into the stream offlowing up through their respective burner tubes.

The valve housing 5 is formed with a valve socket, preferably oftapering form, for receiving the rotatable valve 17. As shown in Fig. 3,this valve is hollow to form a central chamber 18 from which radiatesthe plurality of ports for controlling the flow of gas to the respectiveburner tubes .8 and 15. An operating arm 19 extends laterally from thetop of the valve element 17. Formed in line with the operating arm 19 isa relatively large inlet port 21 which is adapted to register with theinlet passageway 22 leading from" the nipple 6. Vhen the port 21 andpassageway 22 are in regis-, try, as shown, a relatively large port23i's also in registry with a passageway 2 1 leading to the burner tube8, and a relatively large port 25' is also in registry with a passageway26 leading to the Bunsen burner tube 1.5. It will therefore be obviousthat in this position of the operating arm 19, both burner tubes receivea full supply of gas for maximum heating at each burner tube, Byslightly turning the operating arm;19 to either side, the registeringareas of the ports 21, 23 and 25 can be reduced for cutting down theflow of gas to each burner tube and thereby diminishing its intensity 7of flame.

In close proximity to the port 23, the valve is provided with acompanion port 27, and in close proximity to the port 23 and located onthe other side thereof is another companion port 28. By rotating theoperating arm 19, clockwise into dotted line position a the port 27 isbrought into registry with the passage 24:- leading to the burner tube8, and the port 28 is brought into registry with the inlet passageway22. At this time the passageway 26 leading to the other burner tube isblocked off by a solid portion of the valve, whereby all the'gas isdiverted into the burner tube 8. By rotating the operating arm 19 to theother side into dotted line position b, the flow is shunted into theBunsen burner tube 15 and cut oltfrom the circular burner tube 8',because at this time the port 27 is in registry with the inletpassageway 22 and the port 28 is in registry with the Bunsen burnerpassageway 26 while the passageway 24: is blocked off by a solid portionof the valve. In either of these latter positions the flow to the burnertube can be regulated by slight shiftingof the operating handle 19. Thesolid portion of valve between the ports 21 and 27 can be revolvedacross the inlet passageway 22 for shutting oil the flow of gas toeither burner tube.

For eliminating the wax impression in a casting case, the case which isdesignated 3]. in Fig. 1, is set upright in the center of a circularscreen 32 which is placed upon the supporting ring 13; As is well knownto those skilled in the profession, the case 31 contains a waximpression imbedded in a plaster filling which is packed into the case31 in a wet, plasticcondition. The object of heating the casting case isto dry and harden the plastic filling and also carbonize or boil out thewax impression. The multiplicity ot' flame jets playing around the sidesof the case 31 impart an evenly distributed heat to the case 31 andresult in a gradual uniform drying of all parts of the plastic filling.lVhen the boiling out technique is to be employed, the casting case isset upon the screen 32 with the sprue hole extending from the waximpression pointed downwardly, so that as the wax liquefies, it can flowdown; through the sprue hole and drop through the screen 32. hen thecarbonizing technique is employed the case 31 is reversed so that thesprue hole points upwardly. In this process, the wax-f is eliminated byvaporizing it entirely out of the plaster filling through the spruehole. In either of the foregoing methods, when an investment or plasterfilling is subjected to an unevenly distributed heat, the same is causedto disintegrate its particles unevenly, resulting in a poor casting,whereas, if subjected or exposed to a heat'which will permeate evenlyall portions of the investment at the same time, a truer matrix results,which makes possible a sharper or more accurate casting. The presentarrangement of a multiplicity of small but powerful jets of flamedirected upon all sides of the investmentsimultaneously, secures auniform distribution of steady and conveniently adjustable heatthroughout the interior or the investment, permeating every particlethereof and making possible atrue homogeneous cast.

iVhen it is desired to heat cases "for soldering,- the supporting ring13 is raised upwardly through. the burner ring 8 to a plane above theburner ring, and the case is then set upon the wire screen 32 restingupon this supporting ring. Such adjustment of the burner is illustratedin Fig. 2. This elevated position of the supporting ring 13 also afiords a convenient rest for a pan, sterilizing receptacle or other vesselfor containing water or other liquid to be heated. This is always ofadvantage in a laboratory. By raising or lowering the supporting ring13the pan or other receptacle can be brought directly into the center ofthe several jets of flame, or can be raised to any desired height abovethe jets. The supporting ring 13 can be swung out of the way entirely bylowering it through the burner ring 8- and swinging it to the leftaround the tubular standard 8. \Vhere a more intense concentrated heatis desirable the Bunsen burner tube 15 comes into :play; The wire screen32 is shown as being readily removable from the supporting ring- 13 but,if desired, it can have its edges crimped over the supporting ring.

As shown in Fig. 4, I also contemplate constructing the burner with aplurality oi superposed burner rings 8. This is of advantage when largecasting cases holding a full upper or lower impression are to be heated.'The two or three burner rings evenly distribute the heat along thegreater lit) llll) rounding the article, said burner ring having aplurality of orifices discharging radially in the direction of the planeof the ring, the flames from said orifices striking that part of the.article lying in the plane of the ring irrespective of the dimension ofthe article in the direction of said plane,

2. In a device of the class described the combination of a support foran article to be heated, an openlmrner ring surrounding the article andprovided with a plurality of orifices for discharging flames radiallyupon the article, and an adjustable mounting for said support, saidadjustable mounting permitting ad ustment ot the support in a directionsubstantially normal the plane of the burner ring to adjust differentpartsof the article into position to receive said flames. v

3. In a" device of the class describedthe combination of a support foran article to be heated, said support being adjustable, means forsecuring same'ln ad usted position, and a burner ring surrounding thearticle in its different adjusted positions and provided with aplurality of orifices for discharging substantially radially upon thearticle. J

4. In a burner of theclassdescribed, the combination of an annularburner element having a plurality of burner jets around its innercircumference, and an adjustable sup port movable up and down throughthe opening defined by said annular burner ele ment. i

5. In a burner of the class described, the combination of a:substantially upright standard, a circular burner element at the upperend of said standard, said burner element having a plurality of jetsaround its inner circumterencc, a support for the article to be heated,said support being adjust-' position.

adjustable through said loop, and means for clamping said supportingring in adjusted position. i

7. In a dental burner, the combination of a base, a tubular standardrising from said base, means permitting gas into said tubular standard,an annular burner ring connected to said tubular standard and receivingthe gas therefrom, said burner ring having a plurality of burner jetsaround its inner circumference, a clamping member shiftable along saidtubular standard, and a supporting member carried by said clampingmemher and movable above and below the plane of said burner ring.

8. In a burner of the class described, the combination of a burner tube,means for admittinggas tothe lower part of said tube, the upper part ofsaid tube being bent into a substantially circular loop, a plurality ofradial jets around the inner circumference of said loop, a supportingring movable through said burner loop, and means for adjustably clampingsaid supporting ring to said burner tube.

9. In a dental burner, the combination of a base, socket means, a burnertube mounted in said socket means and extendlng up wardly from saidbase, the upper end of said tube being bent into a substantiallyhorizontal ring, means for admitting gas to the lower end of said tube,a plurality of burner jets in said burner ring arranged to dischargeradial jets of flame, a supporting ringmovable up and down through saidburner ring, and a clamping block carry-- ing said supporting ring andadapted to be adjustably clamped alongthe upright portion of said burnertube.

10. In a device of the class described, the combination of a mountingbase, a ring burner fixedly supported thereon, a Bunsen burner fixedlysupported thereon, and a single distributing valve for controlling thesupply of gas to said burners.

1 1. In a dental burner, the combination of a mounting base, a ring typeof burner fixedly supported on said mounting base, a straight type ofburner fixedly mounted 011 said base, and a common valve for selectivelycontrolling the operation of each of said burners.

12. In a dental burner, the combination of a mounting base, a firstburner tube sup ported on said base, a burner ring having radial burnerjets supported by said first burner tube, an adjustable support movableabove and below said burner ring, a sec- 0nd burner tube, and a commonvalve operable to selectively admit gas toj ei'ther or both of saidburner tubes, and to control the flow to either or both of said tubes.

13. In a dental burneiythe combination of a mounting member, a firstburner tube fixedly carrled OllSllld mounting member, a

ringburner having substantially radial burner jets carried by said firstburner tube, a second burner tube, fixedly mounted on said base, a valvehousing, a supply passageway entering said valve housing, passagewaysleading from said valve housing to each of said burner tubes, and arotatable valve element in said housing having a plurality of portstherein operable to selectively admit to either of saidbul'ncr tubes andto control the amount so admitted.

14. In a device of the class-described, the combination of a pluralityof superposed burner rings, each of said rings having a plurality ofburner jets around its inner circumference, a support for the article tobe heated, and means for relatively adjustin}; said support and saidburner rings.

In Witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 13th day ofFebruary, 1923.

ERNEST E. DALTON.

